Exhibit 609

Packers and Stockyards Division Annual Report 2020

Exhibit 609 · Agency annual report

Packers and Stockyards Division Annual Report 2020

Concentration in steer and heifer purchases ranged from 83 to 85 percent in the past decade.

Table 5 (p. 10) gives annual CR4 for 2010-2019: steers and heifers 83 to 85; hogs 62 to 70 (67 in 2019); broilers 50 to 54 (53 in 2019); turkeys 53 to 58 (55 in 2019). Says regional markets are more concentrated than national figures and that about 22 percent of broiler growers have one integrator in their area. This is the underlying series ERS used for Table 6.

Source: USDA Agricultural Marketing Service, Packers and Stockyards Division
Date: 2020 (data through 2019)
Quoted from: p. 9, "Concentration in Meat Packing and Poultry Processing"
Grade: Primary record
Document: https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/PackersandStockyardsAnnualReport2020.pdf
Accessed: 2026-11-09
Cited by: Findings citing this exhibit
Note: Reports after the 2020 edition (2021-2024) were not retrievable; CR4 after 2019 is a gap.

Cited by

Finding AGR-5.1: Primary record USDA data show that the four largest packers' share of steer and heifer slaughter rose from 36 percent in 1980 to 85 percent in 2019, and their share of hog slaughter rose from 34 percent to 67 percent. In 2019 the four largest firms held 53 percent of broiler chicken and 55 percent of turkey production.